Surgery & perioperative · History + examination

Vomiting blood after retching - Emergency Department

MediumYear 5 · Curtin style · 15 min + 2 min reading · 5 tasks

2 min reading · 15 min station · reminders at 2 min

Station - Instructions for candidate

You are a final-year medical student on placement in the Emergency Department at Fiona Stanley Hospital.

Achol Mading is a 46-year-old woman brought to the Emergency Department after a night of heavy drinking. She has had four episodes of forceful retching followed by two mouthfuls of fresh red blood. A triage handover and blood test results are provided.

Blood tests

Blood tests
ItemValueReference range
Haemoglobin92 g/L115-155 g/L
Platelets88 x 10^9/L150-400 x 10^9/L
White cell count10.8 x 10^9/L4.0-11.0 x 10^9/L
INR1.50.9-1.2
Prothrombin time17 seconds10-14 seconds
Activated partial thromboplastin time34 seconds25-35 seconds
Fibrinogen2.1 g/L2.0-4.0 g/L
Bilirubin34 umol/L3-20 umol/L
Albumin28 g/L35-50 g/L
ALT68 U/L5-35 U/L
AST142 U/L5-35 U/L
ALP156 U/L30-110 U/L
GGT310 U/L5-40 U/L
Urea12.8 mmol/L2.5-7.8 mmol/L
Creatinine78 umol/L45-90 umol/L
Sodium134 mmol/L135-145 mmol/L
Potassium3.7 mmol/L3.5-5.2 mmol/L

Your tasks are to:

  1. Take a focused history.
  2. Perform a focused examination.
  3. Interpret the blood test results provided.
  4. Summarise your findings to the examiner with your most likely diagnosis and differential diagnoses.
  5. Outline your initial management plan to the examiner.
  • You do NOT need to obtain consent for a procedure today.
  • You do not need to write prescriptions.
  • Please verbalise your examination to the examiner; findings will be provided on request.

This is a 15-minute station, with 2 minutes of reading time.

Ask the examiner

Say what you would examine or request, the way you would in the station. Nothing is named until you ask for it.

Whatever the examiner recognises is revealed below. Or pick a numbered item to reveal it blind.

Investigations

Ask for a category the way you would in the station: “Can I have the obs and a set of bloods?”

Examination

Say what you would examine and how; the examiner reports what you would find.

After treatment

Once you have acted, ask how the patient has responded.